Aquatic animal behavior information is vital to the effective management of commercial aquaculture facilities, because most physiological and environmental changes are capable of inducing variations in animal behavior. However, behavioral variations of aquatic animal populations are difficult to measure quantitatively because the inspected subjects are sensitive, easily stressed and free to move in the complex dynamic environment. To observe and quantify such behavioral information, many different observing methods and systems have been developed to analyze aquatic animal behaviour in aquaculture. This review presents the significance and recent developments of animal behaviour research in the aquaculture, the basic concepts and technologies associated with animal behaviour research are discussed in detail. Specially, as a vital component of automated animal behaviour monitoring and analyzing, the computer vision technology and its application in aquatic animal behavior research is discussed in detail.