Azo compounds (azos) are compounds bearing the functional group R-N=N-R′, about half of those commercially important azos are azo initiators which have the aliphatic organic groups or its derivatives as the attached groups. Unfortunately, the thermal decomposition of the aliphatic azos will produce nitrogen and free radicals, which can promptly decompose and releases a large amount of heat under high ambient temperature and leads to deflagration even explosion in storage, transportation or reactor. For instance, on 22 July 2011, a serious combustion accident caused by the heat accumulation from thermal decomposition of 2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) occurred on a bus in Henan China killed 41 people. In July 2015, due to the runaway reaction of azos, a serious explosion accident happened in the process of shattering azos caused two casualty in Kunshan Jiangsu, China. In May 2016, a warehouse for storing azo dyes caught fire in Jiangsu, China, and the economic losses caused by this fire is about several hundred million dollars. 

    The purposes of the study are to character the thermal stability of azos, investigate the potential hazards for organic peroxide and finally establish an inherently safer working environment of azos in industrial progress.

    Organic peroxides (OPs) refer to a class of organic compounds containing peroxide chains, including dialkyl peroxides, alkyl hydroperoxide, diacyl peroxide, peroxy ester, ketone peroxide. All typical features of reactivity or incompatibility are ascribed to the breaking of O–O bond which can release hemolytic decomposition accompanying heat and non-condensable gases released.     

    Unfortunately, fires or explosions are the ultimate types of OPs incidents which may cause by error operation, lack of process safety management, mistake loading/feeding, improper use of protective equipment and so on. For example, on July 17, 1993, the organic peroxide factory warehouse belongs to Akzo Chemical Company caught fire. Moreover, on August 3, 2003, a container loading methyl ethyl ketone peroxide burned during berthing.

    The purposes of the study are to character the thermal stability of organic peroxide, investigate the potential hazards for organic peroxide and finally establish an inherently safer working environment of organic peroxide in industrial progress.

         Ionic liquids (ILs), known as room-temperature molten salts with melting points below 100.0 ^oC, ILs have numerous attractive properties, such as low melting point, wide liquid range, extremely low vapor pressure, sound thermal stability, and wide electrochemical windows. The wide range of combinations of organic cations and organic or inorganic anions for ILs allows a great variety of tunable interactions and applications including organic solvents, catalysts, separations, electrolytes in battery, lubricants, heat transfer fluids, and so on. However, only a few of researchers have been accomplished or explore the thermal stability of ILs, which may lead to disasters or other serious hazard problems if the cooling system fails or operates at the incorrect process temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the thermal stability of ILs.